Twin-cooled radio tube



July 13, 1948. A; BINNEWEG, JR 2,445,259

TWIN cooLED RADIO TUBE Filed NOV. l1, 1942 Patented .uly 13, k1r 9748:

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE TWIN-oooLED RADIO TUBE Abraham Binneweg,Jr., Oakland, Calif. Application November 11, 1942, serial Ne. 465,20715 claims. (o1. 25o-27.5)

, 1` K My invention relates to improvements in radio tubes and theIobject of my improvement is to provide aradio unit adapted toultra-high-frequency use kand iitted with hollow water-cooled plateelements. Further objects are to provide a radio unit having twoadjacent compartments, one with a set of iiat elements, the other with aset of cylindrical elements and both water-cooled. Another object is toprovide a water cooling circuit which flows in series through both thehollow plate elements. I also provide capacities nearthe plates fortuning adjustment, and a special spray for cooling the top of the vacuumchamber.

Figure I is a vertical section of the radio unit, Figure II a topviewcover removed, and Figure III a perspective of the cylindrical plateelement.

The unit is encased by dielectric walls I, cover Within the casing is acompartmentcontainl ing a iiat cathode I 0, flat gridsl I, and aflat,'hol

low plate I2; and a second compartment I3 con-v taining a horizontallydisposed, .cylindrical cathode I4 with filaments I5, a helical grid I 6supported by horizontal wires I'I, anda hollow plate element with innerwall I8, outer wall I9, vand at rings 2l) welded at each end to holdthem in spaced relation. Tubes 2I provide entrance and exit to thehollow plate. The at element I2 is hollow and similarly constructed.

The water cooling system comprises an intake 22, waterways 23 in thewalls, hollow plate elements I2 'and 24, tubes 2 I, external tube 32,spray 23, chamber I and outlet 28. Y v

Water, air, or other cooling fluid is forced into thetube at intake 22under considerable pressure and consequently divides and passes throughseveral channels before merging again at the outlet 28. Some goes upthrough the hollow walls 23, some passes along the'oor of the tube tocool the bottom, and some passes' through theA hollow anodes I2 and 24,as it is forced from one side of the tube to the other.` Grids also maybe -of similar hollow construction. Then the uid is collected in thetube 32 and forced from 'its perforated end as a spray to `cool the topof the cylindrical tube I3, before final dischargethrough orifice 28.Thus all parts of the tube are cooled by the uid stream.

The metal inserts'l have two purposes: first, they may be used indelicate tuning,A clue* t'o-a capacitative eiect upon 'the tubeanodesnear which they are located, but from which Inostof# them areinsulated. Connecting different numbers of them in parallel will alectthe capacities heat conductors; the inserts serve to remedy'thislimitation.

Metal inserts 25 and conductors 29 may be used for electric connectionto the elements within the tube or for capacity effect in tuning thetube. Exhaust tube 26 may also be used for electric connection. Lateralconductors 2l embedded or sealed in the walls of the casing I, also/provide electriccommunication with the elements Within the tube.Corrugations, depressions, or pointed supports of dielectric or ofconductor, 3U on the inner walls of the chambers provide a support forthe elements resting against them. This support extends substantiallyover the entire plate surface. The grids can also be held at the sides.

The unit may be opened, elements replaced, and a new top put back on.The cathode may be activated on one side, and may contain a ceramicfiller to support the elements. A hairpin or other type lament could beused instead of a cathode. The elements and case of the tube can be of iany desired material.

Metal inserts 25 may contact the desired element or the elements or maycontact more than one element. These inserts can also be separatedv fromthe element or elements by any dielectric so realizing either directcontact or providing for capacitative coupling to external apparatus.Screws may pass from the inserts to the outside, or rthe inserts can beso arranged that leads can be soldered tothem at the outside of thecase. If a hollow wall is used, there may be inserts in both walls asshown in Fig. 1. Each plate could have separate Water or gas supply, theintake and outlets being arranged in the .case at desired positions. Anynumber of leads to the elements could be arranged to Iproperly supportthem from f the .sides of the case if desired.- The grid and plateelements could be simple without the hollow interior which is air tight.

The cooling chamber 23 couldbe omitted, the

outside of the case in any construction beingf;V

grooved or otherwise arranged for -air cooling.

Base 3 could be made wider and have hollow inserts for vertical screwswhich hold thefcase in place. yAny side ears could be molded'as partr ofthe case yor of the top for holding the case in place in the apparatus.

Two circular element tubes could bein the same case; two flat elementtubes could be in the same case; or one tube ci each kind could bearranged in the case as in Fig. l. Here. the elements are horizontal,but one or more of the tubes could be vertically arranged. Any number oftubes having elements oi each one of them the same, or having diie'rentelements in each tube, `could be arranged in one large dielectric blocl;as in Fig. l,

having space between each of the tubes as may be needed. Elements can beof any desired shape or area.

Rigidity is one of the main features of this invention with platesupported all aroundf-and either the elements, or the leads tothem,-,rigidly held in the walls of the case, as in grooves. Solderinglug inserts could be used for cathodes and ber, `provision for, such asgrooves, inserts, and4 corrugations, such'thatthe same tube. case couldbe changed from a flat element tube to a circular element tube. l,

I claim:`

l. A radio unit having a main compartmenta v cover for said compartment,cathode, grid and k plate elementswithin said compartment, a chamber,within said p late element, waterwaysin the walls of saidlcompaltment,4coInrnunicating with said chamber, `a watercompartmentinthe cover of saidmain compartment. a pipeconnectingsaidwaterways with said. covercompartmentand entering said compartment,4and orifices. near `the end of said pipe.v

2. A radio unit having a case, cathodeand gridelementsathwart said case,a corrugated.- .innerY surfaceV forsaid case, a plate element adjacentlsaid corrugations and supportedl thereby,- metalbodies embedded in thewalls of said case near said plate element for capacity effects andconductors leadingfrom lsaid metal bodiesto the outside o f said case.

3. 'A radio tube having a dielectric double-` walled cup-shapereceptacle; a hollow, cylindrical, double-walled anode within saidreceptacle; ways on opposite sides vof said anode connecting the chamberwithin the walls of said receptacle to theV chamber within the walls 4olsaid hollow anode for the flow of liuid; a cylindrical grid within saidvanode and spaced therefrom; and a cylindrical cathode within said grid,spaced therefrom.

4. A radio tube having a dielectric c-asing, metal insertsin the bottomof said casing, a flat plate element against said metal inserts,` aplurality of grids in spaced relation to each other andk to said plate,and a cathode in spaced relation to the Y upper of said grids, a coveron said casing having an exhaust tube therein; said cover closing thecasing airtight.

5. A radio tube as inv claim 4,. in that the plate` element is hollowfor the passage of a fluid therethrough, and the inletv andoutlet tovsaid hollow plate both extend through the dielectric walls of the case.

6. A radio tube having a dielectric casing, having a cylindricalchamber, the walls of which have metal inserts covering its surface,said inserts being in spaced relation to each other in the dielectric ofthe case walls, a cylindrical plate in said casing having its outersurface in contact with said inserts, a plurality of cylindrical gridsin spaced relation to each other and vt0 the cylindrical plate, and acathode centrally located within the cylindrical plate and in spacedrelation to said grids, a cover closing one side of the case airtight.

7. AA radiotubeas in claim 6 in which said cylindrical plate is hollowand means for passing a fluid therethrough.

8. A radio tube having an inner dielectric case, cathodey and gridelectrodes athwart said case, an anode adjacent the bottom of said case,an outer dielectric wall partially surrounding said inner case, a spacebetween said case and said wallfor the circulation of cooling fluid, ametal insert vin the wall of said inner case, metal inserts in saidouter wall, and a conductor of heat and electricity connecting saidinsert of the inner case with one of said inserts in said outer wall.

9. A compact radio unit comprising an outer casing, a two-compartmentvinner casing, a waterway between the two casings for the circulation ofcooling fluid; flat cathode, grid, and anode electrodes within one ofsaid compartments of the inner casing for high frequency operation;cylindrical cathode, grid, and anode electrodes within the other of saidcompartments -for lower frequency operation, both of said electrode setscombining to form a complete high-low frequency unit.

10. A radio unit having compartments, covers for said compartments,cathode, grid and anode electrodes Within said compartments, chamberswithin said anode electrodes, fluid spaces within said covers, waterwaysin the walls of said compartments communicating with said anodechambers, external cooling pipes connecting said waterways with the uidspaces of said covers,

and intake and outlet orifices for said waterways.

l1. A radio unit comprising an outer casing, two envelopes within saidcasing; cathode, grid and anode electrodes for high frequency operationwithin one of said envelopes; cathode, grid, and anode electrodes withinthe otheriof said envelopes for low frequency operation, said anodesbeing of hollow construction; and a iiuid chamber within said outercasing largely surrounding both of said envelo-pes and havingpassageways connecting with .the hollow interiors of said cathodes.

12. A radio tube as in claim 3 having in addition corrugations upon theinner wall of said receptacle.

13. A radio unit as in claim 9 having in addition corrugations upontheinner wall of said compartments.

14. A radio unit as in claim l0 having in addianode being in contactwith saidtenvelope, av

metallic `insert on the inner surface lof. said envelopein contactwithsaid anode, anda metallic conductor leading from said insert throughthe Wal] of said envelope to the outside for the conduction of heat.

ABRAHAM BINNEWEG, JR.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the 111e ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Number Number Name Date Mouromtseff et al.Aug. 20, 1935 Mouromtsef Nov. 30, 1937 Bahls June 21, 1938 Hansel] Feb.7, 1939 Steiner et a1 May 12, 1942 Marshall et a1 Mar. 2, 1943 LittonMar. 2, 1943 Marzoli et al Oct. 31, 1944 FOREIGN PATENTS Country DateGreat Britain Mar. 30, 1937 Germany Apr. 6, 1938 France Apr. 6, 1935(Addition to 751,866)

